考試常用詞匯及答題技巧
網絡工程師上午科目《基礎知識》中71~75題為英語題,總分值為5分。同時下午《應用技術》在代碼補充中也會涉及到英語知識。不少考生對于英語題的備考往往是“一頭霧水”,不知道從哪下手,不知道如何下手。為幫助廣大考生拿下網絡工程師英語題,信管網特整理了有關網絡工程師英語題常用詞匯、網絡工程師英語題答題技巧以及網絡工程師英語例題與真題等相關內容,希望對考生們有所幫助。
培訓課程講解
信管網網絡工程師培訓課程為全科目系統(tǒng)直播課程 課后提供錄播視頻,可反復觀看)——為了讓大家更好的攻克考試,有關上午《基礎知識》與下午《應用技術》真題、例題部分在直播課程課程中會進行詳細講解,幫助考生了解解題思路以及出題規(guī)律。
立即試聽答題技巧 |
網絡工程師考試科目包括《基礎知識》與《應用技術》兩門,不少考生在面對基礎知識71~75的英語題時都會頭疼,不知道該怎么作答,為此信管網特意整理了一些網絡工程師英語題的答題技巧供大家參考: 1、了解大意:即通讀整段句子,弄清句子的大意和結構,確立其所處的專業(yè)背景 如該句屬于項目管理哪個知識領域的內容),為接下來的選擇做好準備。 2、學會斷句:即在通讀過程中遇到長句時,要用筆標上斷句的符號 如“|”)。斷句時,不僅遇到“,”、“:”要斷,而且遇到and、or、but、however等表示前半句與后半句關系的并列連詞要斷;遇到從屬連詞that、if、as if等要斷;遇到which、who、whom、what等連接代詞也要斷。斷句的目的是為了方便翻譯,待各部分翻譯好后再進行合并,以便理解句意,從而更好的把握答案的選擇。 3、初選答案:即將題目通讀一遍,了解大意后,就可以開始選擇了。在選每個答案時,可以從出題者的出題思路著手,初步做出每個題的答案。 4、核實答案:建議將所選擇的選項內容填入題目,然后再次通讀整個句子。通讀目的是通過“語感”來核實答案, 答題技巧只是一時幫助,最重要的是自己的單詞的積累與實戰(zhàn)經驗,祝各位考生在面對英語題時都能游刃有余,拿下5分滿分。 |
首字母:A~G | 真題下載 |
AMI Alternate mark inversion 信號交替反轉編碼 ALU 邏輯運算單元 A/N 字符/數字方式 ACF/VTAM Advanced communication facility/Virtual telecommunication access method APA 圖形方式 APPN Advanced peer-to-peer networking 高級點對點網絡 ASN.1 Abstract syntax notation 1 第一個抽象語法 ASCE Association control service Element 聯(lián)系控制服務元素 ASE Application service element 應用服務元素 ASK 幅度鍵控 ACK 應答信號 ARQ Automatic repeat request 自動重發(fā)請求 ARP Address resolution protocol 地址分解協(xié)議 ARIS Aggragate route-based IP switching ADCCP Advanced data communication control procedure 高級數據通信控制協(xié)議 ATM Asynchronous transfer mode 異步傳輸模式 ABM Asynchronous balanced mode 異步平衡方式 ARM Asynchronous response mode 異步響應方式 AFI Authority and format identifier ABR Available bit rate 有效比特率 AAL ATM adaptation layer ATM適配層 AC Acknowledged connectionless 無連接應答幀 ACL 訪問控制清單 AS Autonomous system 自治系統(tǒng) ABR Available bit rate 可用比特率 AP Access point 接入點 ANS Advanced network services 先進網絡服務 ARP Address resolution protocol 地址解析協(xié)議 ANSI 美國國家標準協(xié)會 AMPS Advanced mobile phone system 先進移動電話系統(tǒng) ARQ Automatic repeat request 自動重發(fā)請求 ADCCP Advanced data communication control procedure 高級數據通信過程 ACTS Advanced communication technology satellite 先進通信技術衛(wèi)星 ACR Actual cell rate 當前速率 ASN.1 Abstract syntax notation one 抽象語法符號1 ADSL Asymmetric digital subscriber line 非對稱數字用戶線路 ADSI Active directory scripting interface ADC Analog digital converter 模數轉換器 API 應用程序接口 ARPA Advanced research projects agency 美國高級研究規(guī)劃局 ACE 訪問控制條目 ASP Active server pages 動態(tài)服務器網頁 ARC Advanced RISC computing 高級精簡指令集計算 AH 認證頭 ADS Active directory service 活動目錄服務 ATU-C ADSL transmission Unit-Central 處于中心位置的 ADSL Modem 路由器 ATI-R ADSL transmission Unit-Remote 用戶 BMP Burst mode protocol 突發(fā)模式協(xié)議 BECN 向后擁塞比特 B-ISDN Broadband integrated service digital network 寬帶ISDN BSA Basic service area 基本業(yè)務區(qū) BSS Basic service set 基本業(yè)務區(qū) BGP Border gateway protocol 邊界網關協(xié)議 BER Basic encoding rules 基本編碼規(guī)則 BAP Bandwidth allocation protocol 動態(tài)帶寬分配協(xié)議 BACP Bandwidth allocation control protocol 動態(tài)帶寬分配控制協(xié)議 BRI Basic rate interface 基本速率接口 BIND Berkeley internet name domain UNIX/Linux域名解析服務軟件包 BPDU Bridge protocol data unit 橋接協(xié)議數據單元 BER Basic encoding rule 基本編碼規(guī)則 CRT 陰極射線管 CCW 通道控制字 CSWR 通道狀字寄存器 CAWR 通道地址字寄存器 CN Campus network 校園網 CNNIC 中國互聯(lián)網絡信息中心 ChinaNET 中國公用計算機互聯(lián)網 CERNET 中國教育科研網 CSTNET 中國科學技術網 CHINAGBN 國家公用經濟信息能信網絡 CCITT Consultative committee international telegraph and telephone 國際電報電話咨詢委員會 CEP Connection end point 連接端點 CP Control point 控制點 CONS 面向連接的服務 CCR Commitment concurrency and recovery 并發(fā)和恢復服務元素 CMIP Common management information protocol 公共管理信息協(xié)議 CMIS Common management information service 公共管理信息服務 CATV 有線電視系統(tǒng) CRC Cyclic redundancy check 循環(huán)冗余校驗碼 CBC 密碼塊鏈接 CLLM Consolidated link layer management 強化鏈路層管理 CLP Cell loss priority 信元丟失優(yōu)先級/信元丟失優(yōu)先權 CSMA/CD Carrier sense multiple access/collision detection 帶沖突檢測介質訪問控制 CBR Constant bit rate 固定比特率 CEPT 歐洲郵電委員會 CCK Complementary code keying 補碼鍵控 CLNP Connectionless network protocol 無連接的網絡協(xié)議 CIDR Classless inter-domain routing 無類別的域間路由 CERN The European center for Nuclear Research 歐洲核子研究中心 CGI Common gateway interface 公共網關接口 CIX Commercial internet exchange 商業(yè)internet交換 CAU Controlled access unit 中央訪問單元 CDDI Copper distributed data interface 銅纜分布式數據接口 CDPD Celluar digital packet data 單元數字分組數據 CS Convergence sublayer 匯集子層 CDMA Code division multiple access 碼分多址 CBR Constant bit rate 恒定比特率 CVDT Cell variation delay tolerance 信元可變延遲極值 CLR Cell loss ratio 信元丟失比率 CHAP Challenge handshake authentication protocol 挑戰(zhàn)握手認證協(xié)議 CTD Cell transfer delay 信元延遲變化 CER Cell error ratio 信元錯誤比率 CMR Cell misinsertion rate 錯誤目的地信元比率 CPI Common part indicator 公用部分指示器 CGI Common gateway interface 公共網關接口 CLUT Color look up table 顏色查找表 CCITT 國際電報電話咨詢委會會 CLSID 類標識符 CCM 計算機配置管理 CAP Carrierless amplitude-phase modulation 無載波幅相調制 Capture trigger 捕獲觸發(fā)器 CSNW Client service for netware Netware 客戶服務 CA 證書發(fā)放機構 CRL Certificate revocation list 證書吊銷列表 CPK/CDK Conbined public or double key 組合公鑰/雙鑰 CAE 公共應用環(huán)境 CM Cable modem 電纜調制解調器 CMTS 局端系統(tǒng) CCIA 計算機工業(yè)協(xié)會 CMIS Common management information service 公共管理信息服務 CMIP Common management information protocol 公共管理信息協(xié)議 CGMP 分組管理協(xié)議 DBMS 數據庫管理系統(tǒng) DS Data Stream 數據流 DS Directory service 目錄服務 DSL Digital subscriber line 數字用戶線路 DSLAM DSL access multiplexer 數字用戶線接入復用器 DSSS Direct swquence spread spectrum 直接序列擴展頻譜 DARPA 美國國防部高級研究計劃局 DNA Digital Network Architecture 數字網絡體系結構 DCA Distributed Communication Architecture 分布式通信體系結構 DLC Data link control 數據鏈路控制功能 DLCI Data link connection identifier 數據鏈路連接標識符 DTE Data terminal equipment 數據終端設備 DCE Date circuit equipment 數據電路設備 DPSK Differential phase shift keying 差分相移鍵控 DTMF 雙音多頻序列 DSP Domain specific part 域特定部分 DPSK 差分相移鍵控 DQDB Distributed queue dual bus 分布隊列雙總線 DFIR Diffused IR 漫反射紅外線 DCF Distributed coordination function 分布式協(xié)調功能 DOD 美國國防部 DNS Domain name system 域名系統(tǒng) DLS Directory location service 目錄定位服務 DAT Dynamic address translation 動態(tài)地址翻譯 DCS Distributed computing system 分散控制系統(tǒng) DIS Draft internation standard 國際標準草案 DSMA Digital sense multiple access 數字偵聽多路訪問 DES Data encrytion standard 數據加密標準 DSS Digital signature standard 數字簽名標準 DSA 目錄服務代理 DMSP Distributed mail system protocol 分布式電子郵件系統(tǒng)協(xié)議 DPCM Differential pulse code modulation 差分脈沖碼調制 DCT Discrete cosine trasformation 離散余弦變換 DVMRP Distant vector multicast routing protocol 距離向量多點播送路由協(xié)議 DHCP Dynamic host configuration protocol 動態(tài)主機配置協(xié)議 DFS 分布式文件系統(tǒng) DES 數據加密標準 DCD 數據載波檢測 DSMN Directory server manager for netware Netware 目錄服務管理器 DSL Digital subscriber line 數字用戶線路 DDN Digital data network 數字數據網 DDR Dial on demand routing 按需撥號路由 DOS Denial of service 拒絕服務 DAS Direct attached storage 直接存儲模式 EDI Electronic data interchange 電子數據交換 Enterprise network 企業(yè)網 EN End node 端節(jié)點 ES-IS 端系統(tǒng)和中間系統(tǒng) ECMA European computer manufacturers association 歐洲計算機制造商協(xié)會 EIA Electronic industries association 美國電子工業(yè)協(xié)會 ESI End system identifier 基本科學指標數據庫 ESS Extended service set 擴展服務集 EDLC Ethernet data link controller 以太網數據鏈路控制器 EGP Exterior gateway protocol 外部網關協(xié)議 EFS 加密文件系統(tǒng) EAP Extensible authentication protocol 擴展授權協(xié)議 ESP 封裝安全載荷 FTAM File transfer access and management 文件傳送接入與管理 FDM Frequency division multiplexing 頻分多路復用 FDMA 頻分多址 FSK 頻移鍵控 FSM File system mounter 文件系統(tǒng)安裝器 FECN 向前擁塞比特 FLP Fast link pulse 快速鏈路脈沖 FTP File transfer protocol 文件傳輸協(xié)議 FDDI Fiber distributed data interface 光纖分布數據接口 FHSS Frequency-Hopping spread spectrum 頻率跳動擴展頻譜 FTTH Fiber to the home 光纖到戶 FTTC Fiber to the curb 光纖到樓群、光纖到路邊 FAQ Frequently asked question 常見問題 FQDN Fully qualified domain name 主機域名全稱 FWA 固定無線接入 FD 光纖結點 FEC Fast Ethernet channel 快速以太網通道 GTT Global title translation 全局名稱翻譯 GACP Gateway access control protocol 網關訪問控制協(xié)議 GEA Gibabit Ethernet alliance 千兆以太網聯(lián)盟 GEC Giga Ethernet channel 千兆以太網通道 GSMP General switch management protocol 通用交換機管理協(xié)議 GGP Gateway-to-gateway prtotcol 核心網關協(xié)議 GSM Global systems for mobile communications 移動通信全球系統(tǒng) GCRA Generic cell rate algorithm 通用信元速率算法 GSNW Gateway service for netware Netware網關服務 GPO Group policy object 組策略對象 GBE Giga band ethernet 千兆以太網 GD Generic decryption 類屬解密 GPL General public license 通用公共許可協(xié)議 GBIC 千兆位集成電路 | |
首字母:H~N | 真題下載 |
Hamming 海明 HDLC High level data link control 高級數據鏈路控制協(xié)議 HEC Header error check 頭部錯誤控制 HNS Host name server 主機名字服務 HTML Hyper text Markup language 超文本標記語言 HTTP Hyper text transfer protocol 超文本傳輸協(xié)議 HIPPI High performance parallel interface 高性能并行接口 HDTV High definition television 高清晰度電視 HDT 主數字終端 HFC Hybrid fiber coax 混合光纖/同軸電纜網 HAL Hardware abstraction layer 硬件抽象層 HCL 硬件認證程序 HDSL High-bit-rate DSL 高速率DSL HFC Hybrid fiber/coax network 混合光纖-同軸電纜 HE 視頻前端 HSDPA 高速下行包數據接入 HSRP 熱等待路由協(xié)議 IR 指令寄存器 ID 指令譯碼器 IS Instruction Stream 指令流 IS-IS 中間系統(tǒng)與中間系統(tǒng) ICN 互聯(lián)網絡 IMP Interface Message Processor 接口信息處理機 ISP Internet service provider 因特網服務供應商 ICP Internet Content Provider 網絡信息服務供應商 IPX Internet protocol exchange Internet協(xié)議 ILD Injection laser diode 注入式激光二極管 IDP Internet datagram protocol 數據報協(xié)議 IDC International code designator 國際編碼標識 IDI Initial domain identifier 初始域標識 ILMI Interim local management interface 本地管理臨時接口 ISM Industrial scientific and medical 工業(yè)科學與醫(yī)學 IR ifrared 紅外線 IRC Internet relay chat 因特網中繼聊天 IFS Inter frame spqcing 幀間隔 IP Internet protocol 網絡互連協(xié)議 IPSec Internet protocol Security Internet 安全協(xié)議 ICMP Internet control message protocol 互聯(lián)網絡報文控制協(xié)議 IMAP Interim mail access protocol 臨時郵件訪問協(xié)議 IGP Interior gateway protocol 內部網關協(xié)議 IFMP Ipsilon flow management protocol 流管理協(xié)議 IDN Integrated digital network 綜合數字網 IDU Interface data unit 接口數據單元 IMP Interface message processor 接口信息處理機 ITU International telecommunication union 國際電信聯(lián)盟 ISO International standards organization 國際標準化組織 IEEE Institute of electrical and electronics engineers 電子電器工程師協(xié)會 IAB Internet activities board 因特網活動委員會 IAB Internet Architecture board Internet 體系結構委員會 IRTF Internet research task force 因特網研究特別任務組 JIT Just In Time 準時制生產 JVM Java Virtual Machine Java虛擬機 KBC KeyBroad Control 鍵盤控制器 KNI Katmai New Instructions (Katmai新指令集,即MMX2) KNI Katmai New Instructions (Katmai新指令集,即SSE) L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol 二級通道協(xié)議 LAN Local Area Network 局域網 large textures 大型紋理 Latency 潛伏期 LBA Logical Block Addressing 邏輯塊尋址 LCD liquid crystal display 液晶顯示屏 LCOS: Liquid Crystal On Silicon 硅上液晶 LDAP: Lightweight Directory Access Protocol 輕權目錄訪問協(xié)議 LDT Lightning Data Transport 閃電數據傳輸總線 LED light emitting diode 光學二級管 LF Linear Filtering 線性過濾,即雙線性過濾 lighting 光源 lightmap 光線映射 LMDS: Local Multipoint Distributed System 局域多點分布式系統(tǒng) Local Interconnect 局域互連 Local Peripheral Bus 局域邊緣總線 LOM LAN-on-Montherboard L-SAGIC Low Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated Cathode 低電壓光圈陰極管 LVD Low Voltage Differential LVD Low Voltage Differential 低分差動 LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signal 低電壓差動信號 MADD 乘法-加法指令 MAG 乘法-累加指令,兩浮點相乘后再和另一浮點數相加,可顯著提高3D圖形運算速度 MALS Multi Astigmatism Lens System 多重散光聚焦系統(tǒng) MBR Master Boot Record 主引導記錄 MDA Monochrome Adapter 單色設備 MDC Mobile Daughter Card 移動式子卡 MESI Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid (修改、排除、共享、廢棄) MFC Microsoft Foundation Classes 微軟基礎類庫 MFD Multi Function Device 多功能設備 MFLOPS Million Floationg Point/Second 每秒百萬個浮點操作 MHz Million Hertz 兆赫茲 MHz 工作頻率的單位兆赫茲 Mega Hertz,1GHz=1000MHz MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface 樂器數字接口 MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension 多用途因特網郵件擴展協(xié)議 MIOC Memory and I/O Bridge Controller 內存和I/O橋控制器 MiPad Multimodal Interactive Notepad 多語態(tài)互動式記事本 MIP mipmapping 映射 MIPS Million Instruction Per Second 百萬條指令/秒 MIPS Million Instructions per Second 每秒鐘百萬條指令,是CPU速度的一個參數,當然是越大越好 MMU Multimedia Unit 多媒體單元 MMVF Multi-Media Video File 多媒體視頻文件 MMX MultiMedia Extensions 多媒體擴展指令集 MNP Microcom Networking Protocal 微機網絡協(xié)議 MODEM Modulator Demodulator 調制解調器 Modulate 調制混合 motion blur 模糊移動 Motion Compensation 動態(tài)補償 MP Multi-Processing 多重處理器架構 MPGA Micro PGA 散熱和體積都比TCP小 MPP Massive Parallel Processing 巨量平行處理架構) MPPS Million Pixels Per Second 百萬個像素/秒 MPS MultiProcessor Specification 多重處理器規(guī)范 MRH-R Memory Repeater Hub 內存數據處理中心 MRH-S SDRAM Repeater Hub SDRAM數據處理中心 MRPII Manufacturing Resource Planning 制造資源計劃 MRP Material Requirement Planning 物料需求計劃 MRS Midrange Server 中型服務器 MRW Midrange Workststion 中型工作站 MS Magnetic Sensors 磁場感應器 MSN Microsoft Network 微軟網絡 MSP Media Stream Processor 媒體流處理器 MSRs Model-Specific Registers 特別模塊寄存器 MTBF Mean Time Before Failure 平均故障時間 MTH Memory Transfer Hub 內存轉換中心 MTVPAK Microsoft TV Platform Adaptation Kit 微軟TV平臺適配套件 Multi Threaded Bus Master 多重主控 Multi-Resolution Mesh 多重分辨率組合 Multitexture 多重紋理 NAOC no-account OverClock 無效超頻 NAT Network Address Translation 網絡地址轉換 NBC North Bridge Chip 北橋芯片 NC Network Computer 網絡計算機 NDA non-DWORD-aligned 非DWORD排列 NDIS Network Driver Interface Specification 網絡驅動程序接口規(guī)范 NDS Novell Directory Service Novell目錄服務 nerest Mipmap 鄰近MIP映射,又叫點采樣技術 NGIO Next Generation Input/Output 新一代輸入/輸出標準 NI Non-Intel 非英特爾 NI Non-Intel 非英特爾 NT New Technology 新技術 | |
首字母:O~T | 真題下載 |
OFDM(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,直角頻率部分多路復用) OJI(Open Java VM Interface,開放JAVA虛擬機接口) OLGA(Organic Land Grid Array,基板柵格陣列) OoO(Out of Order,亂序執(zhí)行) OPT(Optimized Production Technology,優(yōu)化生產技術) Overdraw(透支,全景渲染造成的浪費) P3P(Privacy Preference Project,個人私隱安全平臺) P64H(64-bit PCI Controller Hub,64位PCI控制中心) Parallel Processing Perspective Engine(平行透視處理器) partial texture downloads(并行紋理傳輸) PC(Perspective Correction,透視糾正) PCAV(Part Constant Angular Velocity,部分恒定角速度) PCB(printed circuit board,印刷電路板) PCBA(Printed Circuit Board Assembly,印刷電路板裝配) PCI SIG(Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group,互連外圍設備專業(yè)組) PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect,互連外圍設備 PDA(Personal Digital Assistant,個人數字助理) PDS Public Directory Support,公眾目錄支持 PGA Pin Grid Array(引腳網格陣列),耗電大,適用用臺式機 PGA Pin-Grid Array(引腳網格陣列),耗電大 PGA Pin-Grid Array(引腳網格陣列),耗電大 PGC(Parallel Graphics Configuration,并行圖像設置) PGP Pretty Good Privacy,優(yōu)良保密協(xié)議 PIB(Processor In a Box,盒裝處理器) PIB Processor In a Box(盒裝處理器) PIC(Programmable Interrupt Controller,可編程中斷控制器) PICS Platform for Internet Content Selection,因特網內容選擇平臺 PIIX PCI ISA/IDE Accelerator(加速器) PIM Personal Information Management,個人信息管理系統(tǒng) pin CPU的針腳 PLL Phase Lock Loop(階段鎖定) PIO(Programmed Input Output,可編程輸入輸出模式) PIROM:Processor Information ROM,處理器信息ROM pixel(Picture element,圖像元素,又稱P像素,屏幕上的像素點) PLEDM Phase-state Low Electron(hole)-number Drive Memory PNP Plug and Play,即插即用 POF Polymer Optical Fiber,聚合體光纖 point light(一般點光源) point sampling(點采樣技術,又叫鄰近MIP映射) POP3 Post Office Protocol Version 3,第三版電子郵局協(xié)議 Porous Tungsten(活性鎢) POST(Power On Self Test,加電自測試) PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑膠針狀矩陣封裝) PPGA(Plastic Pin Grid Array,塑膠針狀矩陣封裝) PPTP Point to Point Tunneling Protocol,點對點通道協(xié)議 PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package) PQFP(Plastic Quad Flat Package,塑料方塊平面封裝) PR(Performance Rate,性能比率) Precise Pixel Interpolation,精確像素插值 PRML(Partial Response Maximum Likelihood,最大可能部分反應,用于提高磁盤讀寫傳輸率) Procedural textures(可編程紋理) PSE36 Page Size Extension 36-bit,36位頁面尺寸擴展模式 PSN(Processor Serial numbers,處理器序列號) PSN(Processor Serial numbers,處理器序列號) PSU(Power Supply Unit,計算機電源) PXB PCI Expander Bridge,PCI增強橋 QBM(Quad Band Memory,四倍邊帶內存) QEM(Qsound Environmental Modeling,Qsound環(huán)境建模揚聲器組) Qos Quality of Service,服務質量 QPA Quad Port Acceleration(四接口加速)ABP Address Bit Permuting,地址位序列改變 RAC(Rambus Asic Cell,Rambus集成電路單元) RADSL Rate Adaptive DSL,速率自適應數字訂閱線路 RAMDAC(Random Access Memory Digital to Analog Converter,隨機存儲器數/模轉換器) RARP(Reverse Address Resolution Protocol,反向地址解析協(xié)議) RAS(Row Address Strobe,行地址控制器) Raw PCM Raw Pulse Code Modulated(元脈碼調制) RAW(Read after Write,寫后讀) RCG RAS/CAS Generator,RAS/CAS發(fā)生器 RDF Resource Description Framework,資源描述框架 RDRAM(Rambus Direct RAM,直接型RambusRAM) Reflection mapping(反射貼圖) Register Contention(搶占寄存器) Register Pressure(寄存器不足) Register Renaming(寄存器重命名) REMA Realtime Exclusive Mode Applications,實時高級應用 Remark(芯片頻率重標識) render(著色或渲染) Resource contention(資源沖突) Retirement(指令引退) RF(Radio Frequency,無線電頻率) RIMM(RAMBUS In-line Memory Modules,RAMBUS內嵌式內存模塊) RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精簡指令集計算機) RISC(Reduced Instruction Set Computing,精簡指令集計算機) RMA RealMedia Architecture(實媒體架構) RNG(Random number Generator,隨機數字發(fā)生器) RPM(Rotation Per Minute,轉/分) RRVP Resource ReserVation Protocol(資源保留協(xié)議) RSA(Rivest Shamir Adlemen,一種因特網加密和認證體系) RSD Removable Storage Device(移動式存儲設備) RSDS Reduced Swing Differential Signal(小幅度擺動差動信號) RTC Real Time Clock(實時時鐘) RTOS(Real Time Operating Systems,實時操作系統(tǒng)) RTS(Request To Send,需求發(fā)送) RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol(實時流協(xié)議) S.M.A.R.T.(Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology,自動監(jiān)測、分析和報告技術) S/MIME Secure MIME,安全多用途因特網郵件擴展協(xié)議 S/PDIF(Sony/Phillips Digital Interface,索尼/飛利普數字接口) S3(Sight、Sound、Speed,視頻、音頻、速度) S3TC(S3 Texture Compress,S3紋理壓縮,僅支持S3顯卡) S3TL(S3 Transformation Lighting,S3多邊形轉換和光源處理) SACD(Super Audio CD,超級音樂CD) SAM(sales available market,可發(fā)售市場) SAP(Sideband Address Port,邊帶尋址端口) SBA(Side Band Addressing,邊帶尋址) SBC South Bridge Chip(南橋芯片) SBFS Simple Boot Flag Specification,簡單引導標記規(guī)范 SC(Screen Coatings,屏幕涂層) SC Static Core(靜態(tài)內核) SCMA:SCSI Configured Auto Magically,SCSI自動配置 Screen Buffer(屏幕緩沖) SCSI(Small Computer System Interface,小型計算機系統(tǒng)接口) SCT Software Compatibility Test,軟件兼容性測試 SDK(Software Development Kit,軟件開發(fā)工具包) SDR SDRAM(Single Date Rate,單數據率SDRAM) SDTV(Standard Definition Television,標準清晰度電視) Seagate硬盤技術 SeaShield(防靜電防撞擊外殼) SEC Single Edge Connector,單邊連接器 SEC Single Edge Connector,單邊連接器 SEC Single Edge Contact(單邊接觸盒) SEM(spherical environment mapping,球形環(huán)境映射) SET Secure Electronic Transaction(安全電子交易) SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language,標準通用標記語言 SGRAM(synchronous graphics RAM,同步圖形隨機儲存器) Shading,描影 Shadow Mask(陰罩式) Shallow-trench isolation(淺槽隔離) SIMD(Single Instruction Multiple Data,單指令多數據流) SIMD:Single Instruction Multiple Data,單指令多數據流 Single Ended(單終結) Single Pass Multi-Texturing,單通道多紋理 SiO2F(Fluorided Silicon Oxide,二氧氟化硅) SIS Switched Internetworking Services(交換式網絡互聯(lián)服務) SKIP Simple Key Exchange Internet Protocol,因特網簡單密鑰交換協(xié)議 SLI(Scanline Interleave,掃描線間插,3Dfx的雙Voodoo 2配合技術) SMA Share Memory Architecture,共享內存結構 Smart Filter(智能過濾) SMB System Management Bus(全系統(tǒng)管理總線) SMD Surface Mount Device,表面安裝設備 SMI(System Management Interrupt,系統(tǒng)管理中斷) SMIL Synchronous Multimedia Integrate Language(同步多媒體集成語言) SMM(System Management Mode,系統(tǒng)管理模式) SMM(System Management Mode,系統(tǒng)管理模式) SMP(Symmetric Multi-Processing,對稱式多重處理架構) SMP:GSymmetic Multi-Processor SMTP(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol,簡單郵件傳輸協(xié)議) SNMP(Simple Network Management Protocol,簡單網絡管理協(xié)議) SNR(Signal to Noise Ratio,信噪比) SOAC(System On a Chip,系統(tǒng)集成多功能芯片) Socket 7 奔騰級(經典Pentium和P55C)CPU的插座,外部總線頻率83.3MHz Socket 8 高能奔騰級CPU的插座,外部總線頻率66MHz SP Scratch Pad(高速暫存區(qū)) SO-DIMM(Small Outline Dual In-line Memory Modules,小型雙重內嵌式內存模塊) soft reflections(柔和反射) soft shadows(柔和陰影) SOI Silicon-on-insulator,絕緣體硅片 SOI Silicon-on-insulator,絕緣體硅片 SONC(System on a chip,系統(tǒng)集成芯片) SOS(Server Operating Systems,服務器操作系統(tǒng)) SPD(Serial Presence Detect,串行存在檢查) SPD(Serial Presence Detect,內存內部序號檢測裝置) SPEC(System Performance Evaluation Corporation,系統(tǒng)性能評估測試) spot light(小型點光源) SPS(Shock Protection System,抗震保護系統(tǒng)) SQRT(Square Root Calculations,平方根計算) SRA(Symmetric Rendering Architecture,對稱渲染架構) SRAM(Static Random Access Memory,靜態(tài)隨機存儲器) SRAM Static Random Access Momory(靜態(tài)隨機存儲器) SRR Segment Register Rewrite(區(qū)段寄存器重寫) SRS Sound Retrieval System(聲音修復系統(tǒng)) SSB Super South Bridge,超級南橋芯片 SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,單一指令多數據流擴充) SSE(Streaming SIMD Extensions,單一指令多數據流擴展) SSTL-2(Stub Series Terminated Logic-2) STA(SCSI Trade Association,SCSI同業(yè)公會) STB(Set Top Boxes,電視頂置盒) STD(Suspend To Disk,磁盤喚醒) Stencil Buffers(模板緩沖) STR(Suspend To RAM,內存喚醒) Stream Processor(流線處理) SUA(Single User Account,單用戶帳號) Super Intelligent Sound ASIC(超級智能音頻集成電路) Superscalar(超標量體系結構) SuperScaler Rendering,超標量渲染 Surround Sound(環(huán)繞立體聲) SVR Switching Voltage Regulator(交換式電壓調節(jié)) SX 指無數學協(xié)處理器的CPU S端子(Seperate) TL(Transform and Lighting,多邊形轉換與光源處理) TBFB(Tile Based Frame Buffer,碎片紋理幀緩存) T-Buffer(T緩沖,3dfx Voodoo4的特效,包括全景反鋸齒Full-scene Anti-Aliasing、動態(tài)模糊Motion Blur、焦點模糊Depth of Field Blur、柔和陰影Soft Shadows、柔和反射Soft Reflections) TCA(Twin Cache Architecture,雙緩存結構) TCO Total Cost of Ownership,擁有總成本 TCP(Transmission Control Protocol,傳輸控制協(xié)議) TCP Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封裝),發(fā)熱小 TCP Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封裝),發(fā)熱小 TCP Tape Carrier Package(薄膜封裝),發(fā)熱小,適用于筆記本式電腦. TDP Triton Data Path(數據路徑) TDT(Timeing Detection Table,數據測定表) texel(T像素,紋理上的像素點) Texture Fidelity(紋理真實性) Texture Modes,材質模式 texture swapping(紋理交換) TFT(thin film transistor,薄膜晶體管) THD+N(Total Harmonic Distortion plus Noise,總諧波失真加噪音) Throughput(吞吐量) TICRG Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray Gun(鎢傳輸陰級射線槍) TLB(Translate Look side Buffers,翻譯旁視緩沖器) TLB Translation Look side Buffer(翻譯旁視緩沖器) TLBs(Translate Look side Buffers,翻譯旁視緩沖器) TMIPM Trilinear MIP Mapping(三次線性MIP材質貼圖) TPS:transactions per second,每秒處理事項數 TQM Total Quality Management,全面質量管理 Transformation(三角形轉換) Transparency(透明狀效果) Trilinear Filtering(三線性過濾) TSC Triton System Controller(系統(tǒng)控制器) TSID( Technical Support Identification Number,技術支持代碼) TSOPs(thin small outline packages,超小型封裝) TTL(Transistor-Transistor Logic,晶體管-晶體管邏輯電路) | |
首字母:U~Z | 真題下載 |
UART(Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter,通用異步接收/發(fā)送裝置) UCC(Ultra Clear Coatings,超清晰涂層) UDP(User Datagram Protocol,用戶數據報協(xié)議) ULS(User Location Service,用戶定位服務) Ultra DMA(Ultra Direct Memory Access,超高速直接內存存取) UMA(Unified Memory Architecture,統(tǒng)一內存架構) UPA(Ultra Port Architecture,超級端口結構) UPT(USB、PANEL、LINK、TV-OUT四重接口)芯片組 USB(Universal Serial Bus,通用串行總線) USDM(Unified System Diagnostic Manager,統(tǒng)一系統(tǒng)監(jiān)測管理器) USWC(Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination,無緩沖隨機聯(lián)合寫操作) USWV(Uncacheable, Speculative, Write-Combining非緩沖隨機混合寫入) VAGP(Variable Aperature Grille Pitch,可變間距光柵) VALU(Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit,向量算術邏輯單元) VBI (Vertical Blanking Interval,垂直空白間隙) VBI(Vertical Blanking Interval,垂直空白間隔) VCD(Video CD,視頻CD) NNTP(Network News Transfer Protocol,網絡新聞傳輸協(xié)議) VCMA(Virtual Channel Memory architecture,虛擬通道內存結構) VDT(Video Display Terminals,視頻顯示終端) VEFAT(Virtual File Allocation Table,虛擬文件分配表) Vertex Lighting(頂點光源) Vertical Interpolation(垂直調變) VID(Voltage Identification Definition,電壓識別認證) VIP(Video Interface Port,視頻接口) ViRGE(Video and Rendering Graphics Engine,視頻描寫圖形引擎) Visualize Geometry Engine,可視化幾何引擎 VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超長指令字) VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,超長指令字) VOD(Video On Demand,視頻點播) Voxel(Volume pixels,立體像素,Novalogic的技術) VPN(virtual private network, 虛擬局域網) VPU(Vector Permutate Unit,向量排列單元) VPU(vector processing units,向量處理單元,即處理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方) VQTC(Vector-Quantization Texture Compression,向量紋理壓縮) VRM (Voltage Regulator Module,電壓調整模塊) VRML(Virtual Reality Makeup Language,虛擬現實結構化語言) VRR(Vertical Refresh Rate,垂直掃描頻率) AAT(Average access time,平均存取時間) VSIS(Video Signal Standard,視頻信號標準) v-sync(同步刷新) VXML(Voice eXtensible Markup Language,語音擴展標記語言) VxD(Virtual device drivers,虛擬設備驅動程序) VMA(Unified Memory Architecture,統(tǒng)一內存架構,系統(tǒng)內存和顯示內存用) Vcc2 為CPU內部磁心提供電壓 Vcc3(CLK) 為CPU的輸入和輸出信號提供電壓 VLIW(Very Long Instruction Word,極長指令字) VRE(Voltage Reduction Enhance,增強形電壓調節(jié)) VSA(Virtual System Architecture,虛擬系統(tǒng)架構) Write-Back(寫回): 是L1cache一種工作方式 Write-Though(寫通): 是L1cache一種工作方式 WDM(Windows Driver Model,視窗驅動程序模塊) WfM(Wired for Management,有線管理) WG(Wave Guide,波導合成) WHQL(Microsoft Windows Hardware Quality Lab,微軟公司視窗硬件質量實驗室) WHQL(Windows Hardware Quality Labs,Windows,硬件質量實驗室) WHS(Windows Scripting Host,視窗腳本程序) Winsock(Windows Socket,視窗套接口) WMI(Wired for Management Initiative,主動式管理線路) WOL(Wake On Lan,局域網喚醒) WT(Wave Table,波表合成) 3D(Three Dimensional,三維) WWW(World Wide Web,萬維網) ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line,不對稱數字訂閱線路) XML(Extensible Markup Language,可擴展標記語言) XSL(Extensible Style Sheet Language,可擴展設計語言) Z Buffer(Z緩存) ADIMM(advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules,高級雙重內嵌式內存模塊) ZAM(Zero Administration for Windows,零管理視窗系統(tǒng)) ZIF(Zero Insertion Force, 零插力) |
例題1. | ||
Network Addres Translation(NAT) is an Internet standard that enbles a local-area network to use one set of IP addresses for internet traffic and another set of ( 1 ) IP addresses for external traffic. The main use of NAT is to limit the number of public IP addresses that an organization or company must use, for both economy and ( 2 ) purposes. NAT remaps an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the ( 3 ) header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. It has become an essential tool in conserving global address space in the face of ( 4 ) address exhaustion. When a packet traverses outside the local network, NAT converts the private IP address to a public IP address. If NAT runs out of public addresses,the packets will be dropped and ( 5 )"host unreachable"packets will be sent. (1) A.local B.private C.public D.dynamic (2) A.political B.fairness C.efficiency D.security (3) A.MAC B.IP C.TCP D.UDP (4) A.IPv4 B.IPv6 C.MAC D.logical (5) A.BGP B.IGMP C.ICMP D.SNMP 參考答案:C、D、B、A、C 參考譯文:網絡地址轉換(network address translation,NAT)是一種因特網標準,它使局域網能夠將一組IP地址轉換為用于內部通信的IP地址,并將另一組公共的IP地址轉換為用于最終通信的IP地址。NAT的主要用途是確定應用程序或公司必須使用的公共IP地址的數量,為了經濟和安全目的,NAT通過在流量路由設備上處理數據包時修改數據包IP報頭中的網絡地址信息,將一個IP地址空間重新映射到另一個IP地址空間,在IPv4地址耗盡的情況下,NAT已成為保存全局地址空間的重要工具。當數據包在本地網絡外傳輸時,NAT將專用IP地址轉換為公共IP地址。如果NAT用完公共地址,數據包將被丟棄,并且ICMP“主機不可訪問”數據包將被發(fā)送。 |
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在線練習 | 視頻解讀 | 真題下載 |
例題2. | ||
The TTL field was originally designed to hold a time stamp, which was decremented by each visited router. The datagram was ( 1 ) when the value became zero. However, for this scheme, all the machines must have synchronized clocks and must know how long it takes for a datagram to go from one machine to another. Today, this field is used mostly to control the ( 2 ) number of hops (routers) visited by the datagram. When a source host sends the datagram, it ( 3 ) a number in this field. Each router that processes the datagram decrements this number by 1. If this value, after being decremented, is zero, the router discards the datagram.This field is needed because routing tables in the Internet can become corrupted.A datagram may travel between two or more routers for a long time without ever getting delivered to the ( 4 ).This field limits the ( 5 ) of a datagram. (1)A.received B.discarded C.rejected D.tansferred (2)A.maximum B.minimum C.exact D.certain (3)A.controls B.transmits C.stores D.receives (4)A.switch B.router C.source host D.destination host (5)A.lifetime B.moving time C.receiving time D.transmitting time 參考答案:B、A、C、D、A 參考譯文:ttl字段最初被設計用來存放時間戳,每個被訪問的路由器都會對時間戳進行降級處理。當ttl值為0時,數據報被丟棄。然而對于這個方案,所有的機器都必須有同步時鐘,并且必須知道從一臺機器到另一臺機器需要多長時間?,F在,這個字段主要用于查詢數據報訪問的(路由器)最大跳數。當源主機發(fā)送數據報時,它在這個字段中存儲一個數字。每個處理數據報的路由器將這個數字減1。如果這個值在被遞減之后為零,路由器就會丟棄數據報。這個字段是必需的,因為因特網上的路由表可能會損壞。一個數據報可能在兩個或多個路由器之間傳輸很長時間,而始終沒有到達目標主機。所以這個字段限制了一個數據報的生命周期。 |
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例題3. | ||
With circuit switching,a( 1 )path is established between two stations for communication.Switching and transmission resources within the network are( 2 )for the exclusive use of the circuit for the duration of the connection.The connection is( 3 ):Once it is established,it appears to attached devices as if there were a direct connection.Packet switching was designed to provide a more efficient facility than circuit switching for( 4 )data traffic.Each packet contains some portion of the user data plus control information needed for proper functioning of the network.A key distinguishing element of packet-switching networks is whether the internal operation is datagram or virtual circuit.With internal virtual circuits,a route is defined between two endpoints and all packets for that virtual circuit follow the( 5 )route,With internal datagrams,each packet is treated independently,and packets intended for the same destination may follow different routes. (1) A.unique B.dedicated C.nondedicated D.independent (2) A.discarded B.abandoned C.reserved D.broken (3) A.indistinct B.direct C.indirect D.transparent (4) A.casual B.bursty C.limited D.abundant (5) A.same B.different C.single D.multiple 參考答案:B、C、D、B、A 參考譯文:使用電路交換技術,在兩個站點之間建立一條專用的通路。在該鏈接存在期間,網絡內的交換和傳輸資源完全為該電路的使用而保留。這個連接是透明的:一旦建立起連接,對與之相連的設備來說,好像存在一條直接連接一樣。分組交換可在突發(fā)通信中提供比電路交換更高效的解決方案。每個分組都由一部分用戶數據及控制信息組成,這些控制信息是網絡正常工作必需的。內部操作采用的是數據報還是虛電路是區(qū)分分組交換網的一個關鍵要素。使用虛電路方式時,在兩個端點之間定義一條路由,該虛電路的所有分組都沿著同一路由前進。使用數據報方式時,各分組被獨立處理,終點相同的分組可能會沿不同的路由前進。 |
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例題4. | ||
All three types of cryptography schemes have unique function mapping to specific.For example, the symmetric key( 1 )approach is typically used for the encryption of data providing( 2 ), whereas asymmetric key cryptography is mainly used in key( 3 )and nonrepudiation, thereby providing confidentiality and authentication. The hash( 4 )(noncryptic), on the other hand,does not provide confidentiality but provides message integrity,and cryptographic hash algorithms provide message( 5 )and identity of peers during transport over insecure channels. (1) A.Cryptography B.decode C.privacy D .security (2) A.Conduction B.confidence C.confidentiality D.connection (3) A.Authentication B.structure C.encryption D.exchange (4) A.Algorithm B.Secure C.structure D.encryption (5) A.Confidentiality B.integrity C.service D.robustness 參考答案:A、C、D、A、B 參考譯文:所有三種加密方案都以其獨特的功能對應于具體的應用。例如,對稱密鑰加密方案通常用于保密數據的加密,而非對稱加密主要用于密鑰交換和非否認驗證,從而提供了保密性和認證機制。另方面,哈希算法 (非加密的)不能提供保密性,但可以提供報文完整性檢測,而加密的哈希算法還可以提供報文完整性和對等方的標識驗證,這在通過不安全信道傳輸的過程中是有用的。 |
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例題5. | ||
Without proper safeguards, every part of a network is vulnerable to a security breach or unauthorized activity from( 1 ),competitors, or even employees. Many of the organizations that manage their own ( 2 ) network security and use the Internet for more than just sending/receiving e-mails experience a network ( 3 )— and more than half of these companies do not even know they were attacked. Smaller ( 4 ) are often complacent, having gained a false sense of security. They usually react to the last virus or the most recent defacing of their website. But they are trapped in a situation where they do not have the necessary time and( 5 )to spend on security. (1) A.intruders B.terminals C.hosts D.users (2) A.exterior B.internal C.centre D.middle (3) A.attack B.collapse C.breakdown D.virus (4) A.users B.campuses C.Companies D.networks (5) A.safeguards B.businesses C.experiences D.Resources 參考答案:A、B、A、C、D 參考譯文:如果缺乏適當的安全措施,網絡的每一部分對安全部門來說都是脆弱的,特別是遭受來自闖入者、竟爭對手甚至內部雇員的未經授權的侵入活動時。很多管理自己內部網絡的組織,大部分都使用互聯(lián)網,而且不僅僅是發(fā)送/接收電子郵件,這些公司都經歷過網絡攻擊,大部分甚至還不知道他們被攻擊過。那些小公司還會因為虛假的安全感覺而洋洋自得。他們通常只能對最近發(fā)現的計算機病毒或者給他們網站造成的損害做出反應。但是他們已經陷入了沒有必要的時間和資源來進行安全防護的困境。 |
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